THR Raaga Bukit Larut 102.1MHz can cover some Kelantan areas?

THR Raaga currently has no frequency in East Coast because of licensing conditions, where East Coast airs THR Gegar.

In Kelantan, Terengganu and Pahang, there have no any transmitters there. Pahang still can receive THR Raaga on 99.3MHz from Gunung Ulu Kali in most of west and central areas like Temerloh, Bentong, Raub, Maran, and Jerantut, meanwhile 101.5MHz from Gunung Telapa Burok covers Bera, 99.7MHz from Gunung Ledang Johor covers Muadzam Shah, Keratong and some Rompin districts, 97.9MHz from Gunung Kledang covers Cameron Highlands.

For Kelantan, only some areas still can receive THR Raaga from Perak on 102.1MHz (Bukit Larut) and 97.9MHz (Gunung Kledang), especially Jalan Gua Musang-Cameron Highlands.

Because Bukit Larut height is high, this cause Bukit Larut can transmit to South Perak, Central Kedah and part of Perlis areas. Bukit Larut also can transmit up to some coverage areas of Bukit Bakar (Central Kelantan).

In order to cover Kelantan with existing transmitters, THR Raaga should increase the transmitter power of Bukit Larut frequency 102.1MHz to 10kW, then 102.1MHz can be received in some Kelantan areas.

I had tried to receive THR Raaga 102.1MHz from Bukit Larut in some Selangor areas, such as Sekinchan, Tanjong Karang. It was more stable than 97.9MHz Gunung Kledang transmitter. The transmission of Bukit Larut can results that some Selangor areas can receive from there due to its height.

Bukit Larut= Gunung Ulu Kali No.2

For listeners in Kelantan, have to use high antenna to receive THR Raaga on 102.1MHz from Bukit Larut, but partially reception only.

List of Terengganu areas which can receive Red FM, 988 and one FM from Bukit Pelindung

 

List of Terengganu areas which can receive Red FM, 988 and One FM from Kuantan/Bukit Pelindung:

- Kemaman
- Chukai
- Cheneh
- Cherul
- Kijal
- Kemasik
- Kerteh
- Paka

Frequencies of Red FM, 988 and one FM in Bukit Pelindung:
- 988: 90.4MHz
- one FM: 100.4MHz
- Red FM: 91.6MHz

Dungun totally cannot receive these 3 radio stations. Too far from Kuantan. (109km)

These 3 radio stations have no any frequency in Terengganu states, but one FM may operate a frequency for Kuala Terengganu on 90.1MHz in Bukit Besar.

988登嘉樓收聽頻道的覆蓋範圍

988目前沒有在登嘉樓和吉蘭丹設有任何頻道, 因為這兩個州屬華人非常少. 988比較注重華人多的地區, 尤其是西海岸和東海岸的關丹.. 988最主要的地區是北馬, 中馬, 南馬和彭亨州.

988在關丹的頻率是FM 90.4MHz, 發射地點是Bukit Pelindung. 主要覆蓋範圍是彭亨東部的關丹, 90.4MHz也覆蓋了登嘉樓幾個地區, 特別是甘馬挽縣.

以下可以接收988的登嘉樓地區 (頻率: 90.4MHz):

- Kemaman甘馬挽
- Kijal
- Kerteh
- Kemasik
- Chukai
- Chenah
- Cherul
- Paka

988 FM 90.4MHz進到Dungun地區線路開始差, 甚至完全沒有訊號, 會與瓜拉登嘉樓的愛FM 90.5MHz產生小干擾.

吉蘭丹方面, 988是非常難收的, 南部Gua Musang可能靠比較遠的98.8MHz, 99.8MHz或101.0MHz.

one FM 太平頻道 (Part 4 終結篇)

繼part 3後, 之前我建議one FM太平頻道的頻率是105.7MHz. 現在Media Prima剛收購了Copyright Laureate Sdn Bhd的Pi Mai和Ultra電台, 他們還是在擴大廣播範圍來創立一家全新電台, 相信他們會在太平設有頻道.

這個新電台會鎖定馬來聽眾, 播放馬來經典歌曲.

關於one FM和這個新電台在太平的商業價值, 這個新電台的商業價值比one FM來得大, 這是我曾經提過的話題.

因為one FM在太平的商業價值不大, 所以沒有甚麼需要在太平設有頻率. 其檳城和吉打頻率87.8MHz覆蓋霹靂北部已經足夠了.

在霹靂太平, one FM的收聽頻道始終還是87.8MHz, 發射站坐落於Gunung Jerai. 因為one FM吉打頻道87.8MHz跟Fly FM 怡保頻率87.9MHz才區區100kHz, 但是one FM 87.8在太平的收線還是清楚. 如果進到Padang Rengas, 如果one FM開始被Fly FM 87.9MHz Gn Kledang干擾, 必須用怡保頻道87.6MHz才清楚..

one FM 87.8MHz除了在檳城, 吉打, 玻璃市和蘭卡威收到之外, 也可以在霹靂州可以收到, 地區如:

1. 太平 Taiping

2. Changkat Jering 

3. Kamunting 甘文丁

4. Matang 馬登
5. Kuala Sepetang 十八丁
6. Parit Buntar 巴里文打
7. Bagan Serai 巴眼色海
8. Selama 司南馬
9. Batu Kurau
10. Kuala Kurau
11. Gerik
12. Pengkalan Hulu
13. Kelian Intan

最後, 105.7MHz還是讓給Media Prima即將推出的新電台..

猜測與評論: 首要媒體Media Prima收購Ultra 101.3和Pi Mai 90.2. 這兩家電台未來會變成怎樣呢?

2015年10月1日, Media Prima以2千萬馬幣收購Copyright Laureate Sdn Bhd公司和該公司旗下的電台, Pi Mai FM 90.2和Ultra 101.3FM. 主要原因是Copyright Laureate Sdn Bhd出現財政危機, 和連年虧損.

這兩家電台主要鎖定馬來聽眾, Pi Mai FM 90.2鎖定檳城, 吉打南部和霹靂一些地區, 反而Ultra FM 101.3MHz鎖定巴生谷. Pi Mai FM 90.2目前的發射地點在Bukit Penara, Ultra 101.3則在Bukit Sungai Besi.

Pi Mai FM 2012年未試播, 當時檳城的頻率真的很擁擠. Pi Mai FM用的頻率是90.2MHz, 剛好當時Traxx FM在Bukit Genting使用90.1MHz, 所以"強逼"Traxx FM更改頻率. 因為RTM電台使用6+1系統, 意思指6個發射器跟1個天線共用, 所以換頻率的費用真的昂貴. 我覺得Pi Mai當時也有"賠錢"給Traxx FM關於該費用.

Pi Mai FM 和 Ultra FM被Media Prima收購後, 我不認為這兩個電台會繼續生存. 最大猜測是這兩家電台會變成一家馬來經典音樂電台.

其實區域性電台的市場不大..Capital FM就是好例子, 被Star Radio Group收購後變成女性電台, 導致連續幾年虧損. 女性電台在馬來西亞沒有市場..

目前Media Prima旗下三家電台one FM, hot FM, Fly FM全部鎖定年輕聽眾, 我也不認為這個新電台的格式跟他們一樣, 避免發生"自己打自己的電台".

Media Prima一旦收購了90.2MHz和101.3MHz後, 我相信他們會擴大廣播覆蓋範圍至全馬來西亞. 在我的看法, 我認為Media Prima目的是買下頻率, 而不是買電台. 2011年, Star Radio Group收購Capital FM, 那個是收購電台.

收購電台跟買下頻率是不一樣道理. 收購電台是延續電台的名字, 只是內部改變. 反而買下頻率是把一家電台變成一家全新的電台, 好像以前嘩fm 97.6變成Hot FM一樣.

Media Prima把這兩家電台變成一家馬來經典音樂電台擴展覆蓋範圍, 我這裡有很多建議的頻道:

1. Bukit Larut: 105.7MHz (霹靂北部)
2. Gunung Kledang: 94.9MHz (霹靂中部)
3. Gunung Ledang: 87.6MHz (森美蘭中南部, 柔佛中北部, 馬六甲)
4. Bukit Gan: 101.1MHz (森美蘭芙蓉)
5. Menara Alor Setar: 94.3MHz (吉打中北部)
6. Peringat: 103.7Mhz (哥打巴魯)
7. Bukit Besar: 103.6MHz (瓜拉登嘉樓)
8. Bukit Pelindung: 103.7MHz (關丹)
9. TM Taman Sentosa或Metropolis Tower: 88.6Mhz (新山)
10. Gunung Pulai: 107.9MHz (柔佛南部和新加坡)
11. Bukit Cincin: 101.3MHz (巴生谷, 彭亨西部), 從Bukit Sungai Besi搬遷, Ultra FM的頻率
12. Bukit Penara: 90.2MHz (檳城, 吉打南部), Pi Mai FM的頻率

東馬方面, 我沒有甚麼興趣注意那邊的電台.

以上的頻率有幾個無法覆蓋很多地區

Q1: 為甚麼94.3MHz無法在Gunung Jerai落地?

原因1: Gunung Jerai發射塔滿座了, 無法支援新的發射器, 因為電力有限.

原因2: 94.3MHz可以干擾泰國電台的運作, 因為泰國電台在Yala的頻率是94.25MHz, 可以導致Betong勿洞受到嚴重干擾. Ikim FM 89.0MHz Lower Jerai就是例子.

Q2: 為什麼森美蘭頻道無法在Gunung Telapa Burok發射?

原因: Gunung Telapa Burok發射塔滿座了.


其實柔佛南部的107.9MHz, 很多家電台正在爭取這個頻率, 所以這個頻率是"萬中選一"的.

之前我曾經提及one FM太平頻道的建議, 現在想回去, 因為Media Prima會在明年第一季推出全新電台, 他們真的很需要太平頻道, 90.2Mhz在霹靂北部會被干擾. 我發現到90.2MHz這個頻率很擠, 因為它坐落在Bukit Penara 89.9MHz和Bukit Larut 90.5MHz,所以會聽到干擾. 看下這個頻率分析就明白了:

89.9MHz: Fly FM Bukit Penara
90.2MHz: <Bukit Penara> (Pi Mai的頻率)
90.5MHz: Hot FM Bukit Larut
結果: 頻率會受到干擾, 全部跑300kHz

90.1MHz: Traxx FM Gunung Kledang
90.2MHz: <Bukit Penara>
結果: 訊號肯定會在霹靂Changkat Jering有干擾.

Media Prima未來這家新電台沒有Gunung Jerai頻率, 所以北馬需要三個頻率來覆蓋. Bukit Larut, Bukit Penara和Alor Setar Tower.

- Gunung Jerai只有Hot FM和One FM, 反而Fly fm則沒有, 之前Fly FM 99.1在Gn Jerai, 可是頻率發射不理想.
- Bukit Larut只有Hot FM罷了, 其他電台則靠Bukit Penara和Gunung Jerai.
- Bukit Penara只有Fly FM和90.2MHz, 覆蓋檳城, 吉打南部.


Q3: 回到105.7MHz Bukit Larut話題了, one FM還是即將推出的新電台, 哪一家比較重要呢?

版主的答案: 新電台

原因1: 新電台的檳城頻道90.2MHz在太平肯定有干擾, 需要太平頻道來解決北馬收線. 目前太平頻率只剩下105.7MHz罷了.

原因2: one FM在太平在沒有干擾的情況下還可以通過Gunung Jerai頻道87.8MHz來收聽, Gunung Jerai可以覆蓋霹靂北部.

原因3: 關於在太平的商業價值方面, one FM因為聽眾和人口, 商業價值比較小, 反而這家新馬來電台在太平商業價值比one FM來得大. 因為one FM是主要鎖定在大城市和大市鎮的聽眾, 所以太平對他們來說市場不大.

關於Media Prima剛收購的電台, 會否在蘭卡威設有頻道? 這個答案還是一個未知數.. Fly FM自己都無法在蘭卡威設有頻道, 原因是沒有商業價值. Media Prima目前沒有打算要把他們旗下電台在蘭卡威Gn Raya設有頻道.

Media Prima acquired Pi Mai and Ultra, what are the speculations? Let's analyze!

In October 2015, Media Prima already acquired Copyright Laureate Sdn Bhd owned radio stations, Pi Mai FM 90.2MHz and Ultra FM 101.3MHz with RM 20 million cash.

Copyright Laureate Sdn Bhd faced financial crisis, so Media Prima acquired the company. Its owned radio stations are regional based commercial radio stations, just only can be received in certain regions.

Pi Mai FM 90.2MHz targets Penang, and parts Kedah/Perak, meanwhile Ultra FM 101.3MHz targets Klang Valley only.

There is many speculations after Media Prima acquired Ultra 101.3MHz and Pi Mai 90.2MHz.
Some of people may speculate Pi Mai FM and Ultra FM will remain after acquired by Media Prima without expanding any broadcast coverage.

But in my reviews, Media Prima will transform these two radio station into 1 radio where broadcasts nationwide. Actually Media Prima only acquired the frequencies, not the stations. I strongly believe that the 101.3MHz and 90.2MHz will become Malay classic radio station by Media Prima, to target 26-50 age listeners and compete with Sinar FM and RTM Radio Klasik.

"We believe that these two radio stations will target Malay listeners"

The "Malay classic radio station" will be launched on Q1 2016 by Media Prima. Now they are moving the studio to Sri Pentas.

After Media Prima acquired Copyright Laureate Sdn Bhd, I trust that the broadcast coverage will be expanded. Below of this article is my suggestion of the frequencies.

101.3MHz: Klang Valley (Bukit Cincin, move from Bukit Sungai Besi)
90.2MHz: Penang and South Kedah (Bukit Penara)
105.7MHz: North Perak (Bukit Larut)
94.9MHz: Central Perak (Gunung Kledang)
101.1MHz: Seremban (Bukit Gun)
87.6MHz: Melaka/North Johor (Gunung Ledang)
103.7MHz: Kuantan (Bukit Pelindung)
103.6MHz: Kuala Terengganu (Bukit Besar)
103.7MHz: Kota Bharu (Peringat)
88.6MHz: Johor Bahru (TM Taman Sentosa)
107.9MHz: South Johor (Gunung Pulai)
94.3MHz: Alor Setar/Central Kedah (Alor Setar Tower)
Existing transmitter

I'm not usually interesting about radio in Sabah, and Sarawak..
 
Let's take a look the frequency above.

Q1: Why doesn't 94.3MHz locate in Gunung Jerai?

Reason 1: Gunung Jerai transmitter tower is full, cannot support any load.

Reason 2: FM 94.3MHz will interfere Radio Thailand Yala FM 94.25MHz in Betong and Yala locations where nearby Kedah border.

Q2: Why doesn't 101.1MHz locate in Gunung Telapa Burok?
  
Reason: The Gunung Telapa Burok transmitter tower is full.

Previously I wrote a blog regarding FM 105.7MHz in Bukit Larut for one FM..
Currently Media Prima operates one FM, Hot FM and Fly FM. Take a look about their frequencies in Northern region of Malaysia.

one FM and Hot FM have Gunung Jerai transmitter which can cover Kedah, Perlis, Penang and some North Perak areas, but Fly FM has only Bukit Penara transmitter which only cover Penang, South Kedah and North Perak only.

About Taiping frequency, Hot FM is only the radio station has Bukit Larut transmitter on FM 90.5MHz, which launched on May 2011.

Q3: Why 105.7MHz Bukit Larut must not be used by one FM, instead Copyright Laureate Sdn Bhd radio?  

Reason 1: FM 90.2MHz from Bukit Penara will get heavy interference by Hot FM 90.5MHz Bukit Larut, because 90.2MHz is located between Fly FM 89.9MHz Bukit Penara and Hot FM 90.5MHz Bukit Larut.

Reason 2: one FM can be received in Taiping on 87.8MHz from Gunung Jerai without any interference.

Reason 3: About commercial value between one FM and upcoming Malay classic radio station in Taiping, the upcoming launch Malay classic radio station has more commercial values than One FM. In addition, one FM mainly targets young Chinese listeners, majority of them are staying in cities and bigger town.

Here is the radio analysis of FM 90.2MHz in North Perak

89.9MHz: Fly FM Bukit Penara
90.2MHz: Bukit Penara <upcoming Malay classic radio station> (formerly used by Pi Mai FM)
90.5MHz: Hot FM Bukit Larut

Results: interference occurs.

In Penang,
89.9MHz: Fly FM Bukit Penara
90.2MHz: Bukit Penara <upcoming Malay classic radio station>

Results: OK, high pass filter was installed.

 

Media Prima radio in North Region
1. Gunung Jerai
one FM: Available 87.8MHz
Fly FM: Not available
Hot FM: Available 88.2MHz
(Upcoming radio): Not available

2. Bukit Penara
one FM: Not available
Fly FM: Available 89.9MHz
Hot FM: Not Available
(Upcoming radio): Available (on 90.2MHz)

3. Bukit Larut
one FM: N/A
HOT FM: available 90.5MHz
Fly FM: N/A
(Upcoming radio): Available. (105.7MHz???)

4. Menara Alor Setar
Fly fm: Available 99.1Mhz
(Upcoming radio): Available (94.3MHz???)

My suggestion of BFM broadcast coverage expansion

Currently BFM broadcasts on FM 89.9MHz from Gunung Ulu Kali in Klang Valley, Selangor, South Perak, West Pahang and parts of Negeri Sembilan/Melaka.

Penang and Johor are the most important states to them for broadcast, I totally agree with them.

Here are the transmitter sites where BFM can expand its coverage:

1. Bukit Penara for Penang 

2. Gunung Ledang for Melaka/Johor

3. Gunung Kledang for Perak 

4. Gunung Pulai for South Johor 

5. Bukit Gun for Seremban
6. Alor Setar Tower for Central Kedah

7. Bukit Pelindung for Kuantan

==Phase1==
- Bukit Penara Penang 93.1MHz
- Gunung Ledang 100.9MHz
- Gunung Kledang 93.3MHz
- Alor Setar Tower 103.1MHz

==Phase2==
- Johor Bahru Metropolis Tower 90.9MHz
- Bukit Gun Seremban 90.1MHz
- Bukit Pelindung 102.2MHz

==Penang==

Why do I suggest Bukit Penara, not Gunung Jerai?

The main reason is Gunung Jerai is full of frequency, but Bukit Penara doesn't. Gunung Jerai can cover Penang, Kedah, Perlis, North Perak and some Southern Thailand provinces, but there is no available frequencies anymore, but Bukit Penara has only 1 empty frequency can be used, there is 93.1MHz with 1kW power. FM 93.1MHz has 300kHz spacing with Hitz FM Gunung Jerai, so BFM must add high pass filter to prevent any interference.

Previously I attempted to suggest BFM to operate in Bukit Palong to cover Penang and Kedah, but it showed that result failed. Why? This is because Bukit Palong coverage is limited for Baling, Sik, Kulim, Sungai Petani, Betong Thailand and Pengkalan Hulu. Although Bukit Palong still can be received in Penang, but the signal is very weak. Plus, Bukit Palong has no commercial values to commercial radios.

And I also took a look of Bukit Genting transmitter, the coverage is very limited in Balik Pulau. Just look at Malaysia Islamic radio station, IKIM FM as an example. IKIM FM operates on 102.7MHz in Bukit Genting, most of Penang areas such as Georgetown and Seberang Perai cannot receive the signal from Bukit Genting. Therefore, I don't recommend Bukit Genting to BFM as Penang transmitter.

Bukit Genting, Bukit Palong= no commercial values

Regarding the power of Bukit Penara, I suggest 1kW to BFM, not 2kW because to prevent interfere with Hitz FM 92.8MHz.

Bukit Penara broadcast coverage

1. Penang Island: ALL
2. Seberang Perai (mainland): ALL
3. Kedah: Sungai Petani, Kulim, Bandar Baharu
4. Perak: Taiping (Larut Matang), Selama, Parit Buntar, Bagan Serai, Kamunting, Semanggol

==Perak==

 

Perak is also quite important to them, especially in Ipoh. In Perak, normally commercial radio stations operates in Gunung Kledang and Bukit Larut. In my opinion, they can set up in Gunung Kledang on 93.3MHz with 2kW power. Why do I suggest 93.3MHz?

According to frequency spectrum status, 93.3MHz has no co-channel interference with any radio station in Perak. Meanwhile 94.9MHz and 93.9MHz has co-channel with Gunung Jerai in Taiping, unless the particular radio install another transmitter in Bukit Larut.

So, in Taiping, BFM listener can tune into two frequencies, either 93.1MHz from Bukit Penara or 93.3MHz Gunung Kledang. In my opinion, BFM 93.1MHz Bukit Penara reception must be clearer than 93.3MHz Gunung Kledang. Look at Fly FM 89.9MHz, clear in Taiping.

Coverage of Gunung Kledang:

1. Perak: Kuala Kangsar, Ipoh, Hilir Perak, Manjung, Perak Tengah, Kinta Valley and parts of Taiping

2. Pahang: Cameron Highlands.

==South Johor==

Johor has two transmitter sites, there are Gunung Ledang for North Johor and Gunung Pulai for South Johor.

Now, talking about Southern Johor first. There is only 1 empty frequency in Gunung Pulai, FM 107.9MHz, BUT many of radio stations are fighting for the 107.9MHz. Unless BFM pay more cash to get 107.9MHz, then can gain listeners in Johor. According to some news, 107.9MHz will become a Malay language radio station in Gunung Pulai soon. Seriously FM radio frequencies in Johor Bahru is very full, but 89.3MHz is belonged to Singapore.

So, no choice of expanding coverage in Gunung Pulai Johor. BFM may go to Metropolis Tower to cover Johor Bahru, but frequency is still limited. About the frequency in Metropolis Tower, I suggest 90.9MHz with 2kW power.

==North Johor/Melaka/Negeri Sembilan except Seremban==

Gunung Ledang is a very strategic location because it can cover Melaka, most of Johor areas and Negeri Sembilan. It is also an alternative to Gunung Pulai transmitter. Since Gunung Pulai is full, BFM may go to only Metropolis Tower to cover JB, the rest areas of Johor must receive from Gunung Ledang. one FM is an example, 105.3MHz only in JB, but rest Johor areas rely on 88.1MHz.

Empty frequencies in Gunung Ledang: 87.6MHz, 91.5MHz, 100.9MHz and 106.0MHz

All of them cannot go up to JB because interfered by Gunung Pulai and Singapore radio stations, but 106.0MHz was formerly used by Red FM in Gunung Telapa Burok. 106.0MHz shall not be used by any radio stations in Southern region.

About the frequency, I suggest 100.9MHz. Why 100.9? This is because 100.9MHz is interference free frequency in Melaka and Negeri Sembilan. Look at the spectrum status below:

100.6MHz: My FM Gunung Telapa Burok 

100.9MHz: BFM Gunung Ledang

Spacing: 300kHz

91.5MHz: BFM Gunung Ledang

91.7MHz: Nasional FM Gunung Telapa Burok

Spacing: 200kHz, interference in Negeri Sembilan

100.9MHz: BFM Gunung Ledang

100.9MHz: Selangor FM Gunung Ulu Kali 

Status: Co-channel, but ok because Negeri Sembilan is not under coverage of Selangor FM. 

Broadcast coverage of Gunung Ledang (based on districts "daerah")

1. Melaka: ALL 

2. Johor: Segamat, Kluang, Batu Pahat, Ledang, Muar, Pontian, West Mersing, Kulaijaya and some Johor Bahru areas

3. Negeri Sembilan: Tampin, Gemas, Rembau, Port Dickson, Kuala Pilah, Jempol (Bahau), parts of Jelebu (Simpang Pertang)

==Seremban==

 

Although BFM 89.9MHz still can be received in Negeri Sembilan, but it is heavily interfered by Ai FM (formerly Radio 5) 89.7MHz from Gunung Telapa Burok. A transmitter must be added in Bukit Gun on 90.1MHz to cover Seremban with 2kW power.

Gunung Telapa Burok transmitter tower is already full because the tower cannot support the load anymore.

With 90.1MHz Bukit Gun, Seremban can receive clearer signal of BFM than 89.9MHz. Although BFM 100.9MHz Gunung Ledang can cover most of Negeri Sembilan areas, but Seremban surely will get interference signal with Selangor FM 100.9MHz. 

The 90.1MHz in Bukit Gun only can received in Seremban and surrounding areas only, rest of Negeri Sembilan areas won't receive from there. BFM for rest of Negeri Sembilan areas must rely 89.9MHz from Ulu Kali or 100.9MHz from Ledang.

==East Pahang==

Kuantan is not the most important coverage for BFM, but just recommend 102.2MHz in Bukit Pelindung with 2kW power.

Bukit Pelindung covers East Pahang, Terengganu areas like Kemaman only.

==Central Kedah==

Kedah still has market to BFM, but regarding to the transmitter site, only Alor Setar Tower can be used, because Gunung Jerai is full. BFM can set up in Alor Setar Tower on FM 103.1MHz. If BFM set up FM 103.1MHz in Gunung Jerai, heavy interference to 102.9MHz Padang Pauh and Bukit Penara will occur in Perlis and Penang. 

Regarding the transmitting tower, I only suggest 0.5kW to prevent interference to 102.9MHz in Perlis because it has 200kHz with Perlis FM 102.9MHz Padang Pauh. If 0.5kW still produce interference, power should be decreased to 0.25kW.

1. RF analysis of BFM 103.1MHz Alor Setar Tower:

Ikim FM Bukit Penara 102.9MHz vs. BFM 103.1MHz Alor Setar Tower= 200kHz, OK

Perlis FM Padang Pauh 102.9MHz vs. BFM 103.1MHz Alor Setar Tower= 200kHz, but 103.1MHz must not exceed than 0.5kW.

Coverage: Alor Setar, Yan, Padang Terap, Kuala Nerang, Jitra, Changlun, Kubang Pasu, and Bukit Kayu Hitam.

DXing: FM radio frequency minimum separation in Peninsular Malaysia (completed version)

Northern region
1. Bukit Palong vs. Gunung Jerai = 300kHz
2. Bukit Palong vs. Bukit Penara = 200kHz
3. Gunung Jerai vs. Bukit Larut= 300kHz
4. Bukit Larut vs. Gunung Kledang= 300kHz
5. Bukit Larut vs. Bukit Penara = 300kHz
6. Bukit Penara vs. Bukit Genting = 200kHz
7. Bukit Penara vs. Gunung Jerai= 300kHz
8. Bukit Genting vs. Gunung Jerai = 200kHz
9. Bukit Dedap vs. Gunung Jerai= 200kHz
10. Bukit Dedap vs. Bukit Penara= 100kHz
11. Gunung Raya vs. Gunung Jerai= 300kHz
12. Gunung Raya vs. Bukit Larut= 0kHz
13. Bukit Larut vs. Bukit Palong= 0kHz
14. Bukit Larut vs. Bukit Dedap= 200kHz
15. Menara Alor Setar vs. Gunung Jerai =400kHz
16. Gunung Jerai vs. Bukit Penara= 300kHz
17. Bukit Palong vs. Gerik= 400kHz
18. Bukit Palong vs. Betong= 400kHz
19. Gunung Raya vs. Bukit Palong= 100kHz
20. Bukit Larut vs. Gerik= 200kHz
21. Bukit Ladang Teh vs. Gunung Kledang= 100kHz
22. Bukit Ladang Teh Lenggong vs. Bukit Palong= 200kHz
23. Bukit Ladang Teh vs. Gunung Jerai= 200kHz
24. Gerik vs. Betong= 200kHz
25. Gunung Jerai vs. Yala Thailand= 200kHz
26. Gunung Jerai vs. Satun Thailand= 300kHz
27. Gunung Jerai vs. Songkhla Thailand= 200kHz
28. Gunung Raya vs. Satun Thailand= 400kHz
29. Gunung Raya vs. Yala Thailand=200kHz
30. Gunung Raya vs. Songkhla Thailand= 200kHz
31. Menara Alor Setar vs. Satun Thailand= 300kHz
32. Bukit Dedap vs. Yala Thailand= 200kHz
33. Bukit Dedap vs. Betong Thailand= 200kHz
34. Bukit Palong vs. Yala Thailand= 300kHz
35. Padang Pauh vs. Satun Thailand= 400kHz
36. Padang Pauh vs. Songkhla= 300kHz
37. Padang Pauh vs. Betong= 0kHz
38. Padang Pauh vs. Bukit Palong= 100/200kHz
39. Padang Pauh vs. Yala= 0kHz
40. Gunung Kledang vs. Gunung Jerai= 0/100kHz
41. Bukit Larut vs. Bukit Ladang Teh= 400kHz
42. Bukit Larut vs. Gunung Brinchang= 100kHz
43. Gunung Kledang vs. Gn Brinchang= 200kHz
44. Bukit Larut vs. Gunung Ulu Kali= 0kHz
45. Gunung Kledang vs. Changkat Rembian= 400kHz
46. Bukit Larut vs. Changkat Rembian= 100kHz
47. Bukit Gantang vs. Bukit Palong= 0kHz
48. Bukit Gantang vs. Bukit Larut = 400kHz
49. Gerik vs. Gunung Jerai=200/300kHz
50. Bukit Dedap vs. Bukit Palong= 400kHz
51. Menara Alor Setar vs. Bukit Penara= 200kHz
52. Menara Alor Setar vs. Yala= 100kHz
53. Menara Alor Setar vs. Bukit Larut= 200kHz
54. Betong vs. Menara Alor Setar= 100kHz
55. Menara Alor Setar vs. Gunung Raya= 300kHz
56. Bukit Larut vs. Bukit Genting= 300kHz
57. Bukit Penara vs. Gunung Raya= 200kHz

Central region
1. Gunung Ulu Kali vs. Gunung Kledang= 200kHz
2. Gunung Ulu Kali vs. Gunung Telapa Burok= 200kHz
3. Gunung Ulu Kali vs. Bukit Sungai Besi= 400kHz
4. Gunung Ulu Kali vs. Menara KL= 400kHz
5. Bukit Sungai Besi vs. Gunung Telapa Burok= 200kHz
6. Bukit Sungai Besi vs. Gunung Ledang= 0kHz
7. Menara KL vs. Gunung Ledang= 0kHz
8. Menara KL vs. Gunung Telapa Burok= 200kHz
9. Gunung Ulu Kali vs. Bukit Senggora= 200kHz
10. Gunung Ulu Kali vs. Bukit Istana= 200kHz
11. Gunung Ulu Kali vs. Bukit Pelindung= 0kHz
12. Gunung Telapa Burok vs. Gunung Ledang= 200kHz
13. Gunung Telapa Burok vs. Bukit Tampin= 300kHz
14. Gunung Ulu Kali vs. Bukit Tampin= 0kHz
15. Gunung Ulu Kali vs. Gunung Ledang= 0kHz
16. Gunung Ulu Kali vs. Changkat Rembian= 200kHz
17. Gunung Ulu Kali vs. Gunung Brinchang= 200kHz
18. Gunung Telapa Burok vs. Bukit Gun= 200kHz
19. Bukit Gan vs. Gunung Ulu Kali/Gunung Ledang/Bukit Tampin= 200kHz

Southern region

1. Gunung Ledang vs. Gunung Pulai/Bukit Batok Singapore= 200kHz

2. Gunung Pulai vs. Bukit Batok Singapore= 300kHz

3. Bukit Tinggi Mersing vs. Gunung Ledang/Gunung Pulai = 200kHz

4. Bukit Tinggi Mersing vs. Bukit Batok Singapore= 0kHz

5. Bukit Tampin vs. Gunung Ledang = 400kHz

6. Bukit Tampin vs. Gunung Pulai/Bukit Batok Singapore= 0kHz

7. Gunung Pulai vs. Batam= 200kHz

8. Gunung Ledang vs. Batam= 0kHz

9. Gunung Pulai vs. Gunung Telapa Burok= 100kHz

East coast region

1. Bukit Pelindung vs. Bukit Besar= 100kHz

2. Bukit Besar vs. Bukit Bakar/Peringat/Bukit Panau/Telipot= 0/100kHz

3. Bukit Bakar vs. Bukit Bintang Besut= 300kHz

4. Bukit Bakar/Telipot/Bukit Panau/Peringat vs. Yala = 300kHz

5. Bukit Bakar/Telipot/Bukit Panau/Peringat vs. Narathiwat/Sg Kolok = 400kHz

6. Bukit Bauk vs. Bukit Besar, Bukit Pelindung= 200kHz

7. Bukit Bauk vs. Bukit Bintang= 0kHz

8. Bukit Pelindung vs. Bukit Sulai= 400kHz

9. Bukit Pelindung vs. Bukit Senggora= 200kHz

10. Bukit Pelindung vs. Bukit Kemuning= 300kHz

11. Bukit Kemuning vs. Bukit Besar= 200kHz

12. Hulu Keruak vs. Bukit Bakar/Telipot= 200kHz

13. Bukit Pelindung vs. Rompin= 300kHz

14. Bukit Pelindung vs. Gn Ledang/Telapa Burok= 0kHz

15. Yala vs. Bukit Bintang Besut= 200kHz

16. Narathiwat vs. Bukit Bintang Besut= 200kHz

17. Bukit Tangki Air Jeli vs. Yala= 200kHz

18. Bukit Tangkai Air Jeli vs. Bukit Panau/Peringat/Telipot= 200kHz

[RF Analysis]: Perak FM in Pengkalan Hulu, and Gerik rural areas

Perak FM currently broadcasts on 96.2MHz in Memplam Sari Gerik for Gerik areas only, but the frequency is clashing with 988 Gunung Jerai transmitter 96.1MHz where can cover Pengkalan Hulu and certain rural areas of Gerik.

==RF Analysis Perak FM 96.2MHz==
96.1MHz: 988 Gn Jerai
96.2MHz: Perak FM Gerik

Spacing: 100kHz, interference detected.

Actually Pengkalan Hulu cannot receive the radio and TV signals from Gerik because the height of transmitter site of Memplam Sari is low and Pengkalan Hulu, Klian Intan are topographic areas.

Perak FM 96.2MHz Gerik in Pengkalan Hulu and Klian Intan is 988 96.1MHz.

In Pengkalan Hulu, North Gerik and Klian Intan must receive from Bukit Palong in order to get clearer signal. Bukit Larut cannot cover there because it is too far.

In my opinion, Perak FM should add 1 more transmitter in Bukit Palong to cover Pengkalan Hulu, Klian Intan and North Gerik. The best frequency that can be used is FM 104.7MHz.

Memplam Sari Gerik looks like Kuala Lumpur Tower, meanwhile Bukit Palong looks like Gunung Ulu Kali or Gunung Telapa Burok there in terms of coverage.

Besides that, Perak FM has 2 frequency for Gerik, mainly 96.2MHz Memplam Sari for Gerik town, and 96.2MHz for South Gerik rural areas. With establishing of Perak FM Bukit Palong transmitter, listeners can tune to alternative frequency 104.7MHz in Gerik, Pengkalan Hulu and Klian Intan if Perak FM 96.2MHz interfered by 988 96.1MHz.

Why do I suggest FM 104.7MHz for Perak FM in Bukit Palong? Here is the radio frequency analysis.

==RF Analysis Perak FM Bukit Palong==

1. versus Bukit Larut
104.7MHz: Perak FM Bukit Palong (1kW)
104.9MHz: Melody FM Bukit Larut
Separation: 200kHz, OK

2. versus Bukit Dedap
104.7MHz: Perak FM Bukit Palong (1kW)
105.1MHz: Kedah FM Bukit Dedap
Separation: 400kHz, OK

3. versus Gunung Jerai
104.4MHz: Lite FM Gunung Jerai
104.7MHz: Perak FM Bukit Palong (1kW)
Separation: 300kHz, OK

4. versus Gunung Raya
104.7MHz: Perak FM Bukit Palong (1kW)
104.8MHz: Langkawi FM Gunung Raya
Separation: 100kHz, OK. Although Kedah and parts of Penang are not under the broadcast coverage of Perak FM Bukit Palong, interference with Langkawi FM 104.8MHz occurs in Sg Petani, Merbok and some areas of Penang Island, but the interference is less because Langkawi FM 104.8MHz is for Langkawi Island and surrounding areas only, meanwhile Perak FM 104.7MHz Bukit Palong is for North-East Perak areas only.

The important sites of frequency separation with Bukit Palong is:
1. Bukit Dedap
2. Gunung Jerai
3. Betong Thailand
4. Memplam Sari Gerik
5. Bukit Larut (only applied for Perak FM)
6. Bukit Ladang Teh Lenggong

Currently RTM Bukit Palong operates six radio stations mainly:

1. Radio Klasik 88.7MHz

2. Nasional FM 89.7MHz

3. Kedah FM 90.5MHz (co-channel with Hot FM Bukit Larut 90.5)

4. Traxx FM 91.7MHz (co-channel with Suria FM Bukit Larut 91.7)

5. Ai FM 92.5MHz (0.1MHz with Hitz.FM Gunung Raya 92.4)

6. Minnal FM 93.3MHz 

All of them are under 6+1 system, means that 6 transmitters are sharing with an antenna.

If Perak FM 104.7MHz is added in Bukit Palong, the system remains 6+1. The results will become:

1. Radio Klasik 88.7MHz

2. Nasional FM 89.7MHz

3. Kedah FM 90.5MHz (co-channel with Hot FM Bukit Larut 90.5)

4. Traxx FM 91.7MHz (co-channel with Suria FM Bukit Larut 91.7)

5. Ai FM 92.5MHz (0.1MHz with Hitz.FM Gunung Raya 92.4)

6. Minnal FM 93.3MHz  
7. Perak FM 104.7MHz (1+1)

The transmitting direction of Perak FM Bukit Palong 104.7MHz will be different with six radio station due to Perak FM is mainly for Perak only.

Regarding the transmission power, Perak FM 104.7MHz Bukit Palong must use at least 1kW to cover Pengkalan Hulu, North Gerik and Kelian Intan. If the power is 0.25 kW or 0.5kW, it cannot cover these areas clearly.

If Perak FM 104.7MHz in Bukit Palong, Pengkalan Hulu, North Gerik and Kelian Intan can be received clearly and more stable than 96.2MHz. In addition, Perak FM Bkt Palong 104.7 will become another alternative frequency in Gerik, alongside with 96.2MHz. Although Kedah areas such as Baling, Sungai Petani,Kulim and Sik, Penang like Tanjung Bungah and Kepala Batas as well as Betong Thailand are not under broadcasting coverage of Perak FM 104.7MHz Bukit Palong, these areas still can be receive the radio station, but not all area can receive clearly. Meanwhile Langkawi FM 104.8MHz will heavily interfered by Melody FM 104.9MHz Bukit Larut and Perak FM 104.7MHz Bukit Palong in Sotuh Kedah and Penang.

Moreover, Perak FM 96.7MHz can be abolished after launching of Bukit Palong transmitter, meanwhile 96.2MHz remained broadcast without changing any parameters.

Penerimaan siaran Ikim FM di Perak Utara dan Taiping (bahagian 3)

Ikim FM bersiaran pada frekuensi FM 102.7MHz di Perak.

Untuk makluman semua, pada masa kini, siaran Ikim FM 102.7MHz di Taiping dan Perak Utara sudah ok. Tiada gangguan antara pemancar Balik Pulau Pulau Pinang dan Ipoh berlaku di Perak Utara.

Kawasan Taiping tidak akan dapat signal dari Gunung Kledang, Bukit Genting jika guna radio biasa, tetapi IKIM FM 102.7MHz dapat di Taiping dan Perak Utara jelas..

Pada pandangan saya, IKIM FM mungkin memasang satu pemancar kuasa rendah di Bukit Larut, sebanyak 0.1kW, ini menyebabkan kawasan Taiping dan Perak Utara seperti Alor Pongsu dan Semanggol jelas.

Bukit Genting hanya meliputi barat daya Pulau Pinang sahaja. Walaupun kuasa Bukit Genting ditambah kepada 1-2kW, ia tidak akan meliputi Perak Utara dan Seberang Perai dengan jelas kerana ketinggian bukit terhad, sama dengan Gunung Kledang.

==IKIM FM frekuensi Taiping==
Frekuensi: 102.7MHz
Kuasa: 0.1kW
Tempat pemancaran: Bukit Larut, Taiping
Kawasan liputan: Taiping dan kawasan berhampirannya sahaja.

Frekuensi kosong 88.8MHz yang saya cadangkan tidak boleh digunakan kerana Radio Klasik telah menggunakan 88.7MHz di Bukit Gantang untuk Changkat Jering dan Padang Rengas.

 

Senarai pemancar IKIM FM 102.7MHz:

1. Bukit Larut 0.1kW

2. Bukit Genting 0.5kW

3. Gunung Kledang 2kW 

[Pandangan FM DXing]: Perak FM untuk Pengkalan Hulu

Perak FM bersiaran pada 6 frekuensi untuk negeri Perak, iaitu:

1. Bukit Larut 104.1MHz untuk Perak Utara (Taiping, Kerian, Selama), Pulau Pinang
2. Gunung Kledang 95.6MHz untuk Perak Tengah, boleh didengari di Selangor Utara
3. Bukit Asa 89.6MHz untuk Tanjung Malim dan Slim River
4. Changkat Rembian 97.3MHz untuk Tapah dan Bidor
5. Gunung Brinchang 94.7MHz untuk Cameron Highlands
6. Bukit Ladang Teh 94.2MHz untuk Lenggong
7. RTM Gerik 96.2MHz untuk Gerik

Yang paling utara hanya 96.2MHz Gerik.

Di Pengkalan Hulu, siaran Perak FM dari Gerik FM 96.2MHz kurang jelas, ada kawasan tidak dapat siaran Perak FM 96.2MHz akibat tindih dengan 988 96.1MHz dari Gunung Jerai yang menggunakan kuasa 10kW.

==Analisis radio frekuensi Perak FM==
96.1MHz: 988 Gunung Jerai 10kW
96.2MHz: Perak FM RTM Gerik 0.5kW
Jarak: 100kHz

==Perak FM di Pengkalan Hulu dan Kelian Intan==
104.1MHz Bukit Larut: tidak dapat
96.2MHz Gerik: Tidak jelas akibat bertindih dengan 988





Pada pandangan saya, Perak FM boleh menambah 1 lagi pemancar di Bukit Palong untuk meliputi Pengkalan Hulu, Kelian Intan, dan Gerik Utara. Walaupun 96.2MHz mempunyai jarak 100kHz dengan 988 96.1MHz, tetapi siaran Perak FM di Gerik Utara, Pengkalan Hulu dan Kelian Intan lebih stabil jika menerima dari Bukit Palong, berbanding dengan 96.2MHz.



Dengan pemancar Perak FM di Bukit Palong 104.7MHz, pemancar Bukit Palong boleh jadi pelengkap siaran Perak untuk seluruh negeri Perak.

==Perak FM Bukit Palong== (cadangan)
Frekuensi: FM 104.7MHz
Kuasa: 1kW
Kawasan liputan: Pengkalan Hulu, Gerik Utara, Kelian Intan dan Belum. Walaupun Baling Sik Sungai Petani Kedah dan Betong Thailand bukan di bawah kawasan liputan Perak FM 104.7MHz Bukit Palong, tetapi kawasan ini masih dapat dengan jelas juga.

==RF analisis Perak FM Bukit Palong==

104.4MHz: Lite FM Gunung Jerai
104.7MHz: Perak FM Bukit Palong
104.9MHz: Melody FM Bukit Larut

Radio Travel info: List of radio Stations in Cameron Highlands 金馬倫高原電台列表

==List of radio stations which can be received in Cameron Highlands 可在金馬倫高原接收電台列表==

87.6MHz: one FM (Gunung Kledang)
87.9MHz: Fly FM (Gunung Kledang)
88.3MHz: Radio Klasik (Gunung Kledang)
89.1MHz:  Radio Klasik (Gunung Brinchang)
90.1MHz: Traxx FM (Gunung Kledang)
90.9MHz: Nasional FM (Gunung Kledang)
92.1MHz: 愛fm/Ai FM (Gunung Kledang)
92.7MHz: Hitz FM (Gunung Kledang)
93.1MHz: Nasional FM (Gunung Brinchang)
94.3MHz: Mix FM (Gunung Kledang)
94.7MHz: Perak FM (Gunung Brinchang)
95.6MHz: Perak FM (Gunung Kledang)
96.0MHz: Suria FM (Gunung Kledang)
96.9MHz: Sinar FM (Gunung Kledang)
97.9MHz: THR Raaga (Gunung Kledang)
98.5MHz: Melody FM (Gunung Kledang)
98.9MHz: Minnal FM (Gunung Kledang)
99.8MHz: 988 (Gunung Kledang)
100.3MHz: Pahang FM (Gunung Brinchang)
100.6MHz: MY FM (Gunung Kledang)
101.1MHz: Traxx FM (Gunung Brinchang)
101.5MHz: Lite FM (Gunung Kledang)
102.7MHz: IKIM FM (Gunung Kledang)
103.5MHz: 愛fm/Ai FM (Gunung Brinchang)
103.7MHz: ERA FM (Gunung Kledang)
104.3MHz: Minnal FM (Gunung Brinchang)
104.5MHz: Hot FM (Gunung Kledang)
105.1MHz: Asyik FM (Gunung Brinchang)
106.4MHz: Red FM (Gunung Kledang)

Gunung Kledang= Ipoh
Gunung Brinchang= Cameron Highlands

Field strength (dBuV/m) in Cameron Highlands:

1. Gunung Kledang: 29-51 (weak)
2. Gunung Brinchang: 52-73 (good)

Gunung Brinchang