Thursday, 20 February 2020

Betong International Aiport will be opened on June 2020. Betong, Thailand can deserve more radio stations actually in conjunction with its airport.



Betong is the southernmost location in Thailand, located at Southern Yala province, next to Malaysia border (Perak state). The nearest town from Betong, Thailand are Pengkalan Hulu, Perak (15km) and Baling, Kedah (26km). 

Among all deeper Southern Thailand provinces (excluding Phuket, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Krabi, Phatthalung, Trang, Surat Thani and Ranong), Satun, Songkhla (Hat Yai and Danok), Sungai Golok and Betong have much of tourism values.

Although Betong is a district in Yala province, but it has more tourist economy value than Yala's capital town in Amphoe Mueang Yala, the distance from Yala capital to Betong is 130km.

In Yala, the nearest airport was Hat Yai, but the distance is 133km. From Betong to Hat Yai, it is 260km. 





Betong will have brand new airport and Betong International Airport is expected to be opened on June 2020. According to Bangkok Post, three airlines companies such as Nok Air, Bangkok Airways and Malaysia's Firefly are interested in flying to Betong, Thailand.

Congratulations to Thailand for having Betong International Airport. In my opinion, this will benefit economy activities in Betong, Thailand. In addition, Betong International Airport also can benefit the economy of bordering areas in Malaysia such as Pengkalan Hulu, Perak and Baling, Kedah. 



















Before launching of Betong International Airport, Betong, Pengkalan Hulu, Baling and Gerik residents who travel Hat Yai must go through dangerous and curvy road in Yala. According to my friend who was used to travel from Betong to Hat Yai/Yala, the road is more dangerous than Cameron Highlands road.

From Betong to Hat Yai, it is 260km distance if go via Yala road, but it is 215km distance if enter Malaysia border via Baling and Alor Setar. So, Betong people travels Hat Yai by passing through Baling and Alor Setar is considered international departures, so passport is required, meanwhile if go by passing through Yala, Raman and Bannang Sata is domestic, but the road is curvy and dangerous.

With Betong International Airport, if Malaysia's Gerik, Pengkalan Hulu and Baling people who want to travel Bangkok, Hat Yai, other Thailand territories or other countries, they don't need to go to Penang International Airport or KLIA and this will save traveling time.

In conjunction with Betong International Airport, actually Betong can deserve more of its radio stations. Currently, by excluding Yala radio stations where are not receivable in Betong district, Betong has only two local radio stations such as Radio Thailand Betong FM 93.0MHz and low power Love FM 99.5MHz, but the transmission of Love FM 99.5MHz is strictly for Betong town.

Besides that, six Malaysia radio stations from RTM are available in Betong, Thailand such as:

1. Radio Klasik FM 88.7MHz
2. Nasional FM 89.7MHz
3. Kedah FM 90.5MHz
4. Traxx FM 91.7MHz
5. Ai FM 92.5MHz
6. Minnal FM 93.3MHz

All are transmitted from Bukit Palong, Baling, Kedah, Malaysia. In addition, there are only few Malaysia radio stations from Gunung Jerai receivable in Betong such as 988 FM 96.1MHz, Sinar FM 97.1MHz, Zayan FM 98.1MHz and Era FM 103.6MHz.

Betong has more Chinese people there, there are only two Chinese full fledged radio stations such as Ai FM 92.5MHz and 988 FM 96.1MHz. 




Apart from Radio Thailand and Love FM, actually MCOT (Mass Communication of Thailand aka Or Sor Mor Thor) can launch its second district radio stations in Betong to provide alternatives to the listeners in the district, also Thais in Pengkalan Hulu, Perak, Malaysia.

MCOT has district radio station in Chumphon, Thailand. While MCOT has province radio station in Chumphon on FM 90.75MHz, but it has another radio station in Lang Suan of the province, FM 105.25MHz.

In Yala, MCOT has its provincial radio station, known as MCOT Yala FM 102.5MHz, transmitted from Khao Pokyo site to cover Yala, Pattani and part of Narathiwat, but MCOT Yala FM 102.5MHz does not cover Betong. In addition, the station never serves Betong listeners. MCOT can launch MCOT Betong to serve the district, instead of launching repeater in Betong to relay MCOT Yala.

Other than MCOT, actually Royal Thai Army can also have its Betong radio station after FM 100.0MHz and AM 1080kHz radio stations from Yala, but different content. Moreover, NBTC can encourage Betong community broadcasters to set up community radio stations.



On previous article, I mentioned about FM 89.0MHz co-channel interference between Yala (Thailand Parliament Radio) and Gunung Jerai (Ikim FM) in Betong, Gerik and Pengkalan Hulu. The Bangkok based Thailand Parliament radio station (Sathani Witthayu Krachaisiang Ratthasapha {สถานีวิทยุกระจายเสียงรัฐสภา}) has frequency in Yala province on FM 89.0MHz, transmitted from Khao Pokyo (Bannang Sata-Rueso border). Unlike Radio Thailand which is public broadcaster, Thailand Parliament Radio does not cover all Thailand territories, it only covers important territories. For FM 89.0MHz, Thailand Parliament Radio serves Yala, Narathiwat and Pattani with 1 transmitter site, but it is not well receivable in Betong due to terrain. Actually Betong is not Thailand Parliament Radio FM 89.0MHz service area. If I talk about proposal to add repeater in Betong to relay FM 89.0MHz feeds, I don't think the station will do that because no commercial value. Moreover, Betong people don't really listen to Thailand parliament assembly debate and meetings on radio. So, it is not worth to launch
Sathani Witthayu Krachaisiang Ratthasapha {สถานีวิทยุกระจายเสียงรัฐสภา} repeater in Betong, however Thai Parliament Channel is already available in Betong via digital terrestrial television.

During analogue television transmission, only Royal Thai Army Channel 5 (ททบ.5) had repeater in Betong, Thailand on CH52 UHF 719.25MHz. After Thailand switches its terrestrial television transmission from analogue to digital, Betong has 28 free-to-air televison channels in DVB-T2 transmission.

For FM radio stations, by following Thailand FM frequency standards where 250kHz per channels, Betong has numbers of vacant frequencies such as:

- 87.5MHz
- 88.0MHz
- 89.25MHz
- 91.25MHz
- 93.75MHz
- 94.0MHz
- 95.75MHz
- 100.25MHz
- 101.5MHz 
- 101.75MHz
- 102.0MHz
- 102.75MHz
- 104.0MHz
- 104.75MHz
- 105.25MHz
- 105.5MHz
- 106.25MHz
- 107.75MHz

I will do basic frequency analysis and studies on these vacant frequencies above in next article.

By having more radio stations in Betong, Thailand, this does not only provide another choice for listeners in Betong, Baling, Pengkalan Hulu and Gerik, but it can attract tourists and listeners.

Betong Airport photos are courtesy of ที่นี่ ท่าอากาศยานเบตง Betong Airport and Dannok Society Facebook page.

Wednesday, 19 February 2020

Kedah FM 90.5MHz Bukit Palong has co-channel interference with Radio Thailand Songkhla FM 90.5MHz in Kedah, Malaysia




When you tune to RTM Kedah FM in Kedah, Penang and North Perak, it is FM 97.5MHz from Gunung Jerai which is main transmitter for the station, meanwhile FM 90.5MHz Bukit Palong is secondary frequency for the station to cover Baling and Pengkalan Hulu, also can be tuned in Betong, Thailand.

In most of Kedah areas except Baling and Sungai Petani, when I tune to Kedah FM on 90.5MHz, I can hear co-channel interference between Kedah FM and Radio Thailand Songkhla on same frequency, especially Alor Setar and Kuala Kedah.

In Penang, RTM Kedah FM 90.5MHz is having co-channel interference from Hot FM 90.5MHz Bukit Larut, but both stations claim that Penang is not their broadcast coverage actually. So, the co-channel interference of FM 90.5MHz is common.




According to the video, Kedah FM 90.5MHz Bukit Palong is having serious co-channel interference from Radio Thailand Songkhla FM 90.5MHz in Alor Setar and Kuala Kedah.

Kedah FM Bukit Palong FM 90.5MHz TX power is 1kW, meanwhile Radio Thailand Songkhla FM 90.5MHz is 10kW.

Some of people suggest to change Kedah FM 90.5MHz Bukit Palong frequency to avoid interference from Thailand. In my opinion, there is not necessary to change frequency due to the reasons following below.

1. Kedah FM 90.5MHz Bukit Palong targets only Baling, and Pengkalan Hulu. It could be listened in Betong, Thailand too. Alor Setar and Kuala Kedah are not its broadcast areas, however the listeners already tune to Kedah FM loudly and clearly on 97.5MHz from Gunung Jerai there.

2. Radio Thailand Songkhla FM 90.5MHz targets only Songkhla district, Thailand. It could be listened in North Kedah and Perlis via overspill transmission. Alor Setar is not its target location.

Apart from Alor Setar, I was used to receive FM 90.5MHz at Penang Hill top peak, it had three channels were interfering each other.

In terms of history, the use of frequency FM 90.5MHz by Radio Thailand Songkhla was much earlier than Kedah FM 90.5MHz in Bukit Palong, later Hot FM used 90.5MHz in Bukit Larut for Taiping, Perak.

==History of FM 90.5MHz in northern region==
* Radio Thailand Songkhla: 1981 (originally it was FM 97.0MHz in 1968)
* RTM Kedah FM Bukit Palong: 1995
* Hot FM Bukit Larut: 2011
 

 

List of Malaysia areas (Johor) where can receive Singapore digital TV channels with UHF antenna

Singapore digital terrestrial television has three multiplexes (MUX).

* MUX 1: CH29 UHF 538MHz (Channel 5 HD and Suria HD)
* MUX 2: CH31 UHF 554MHz (Channel 8 HD and Vasantham HD) 
* MUX 3: CH33 UHF 570MHz (Channel U and Channel News Asia CNA)

Here are the coverage of Johor areas in Malaysia where can receive Singapore digital TV channels:

- Johor Bahru
- Kulai
- Penggerang
- Kota Tinggi
- Skudai
- Kangkar Pulai
- Pontian
- Tanjung Piai
- Gelang Patah
- Layang-Layang
- Kukup
- Masai
- Ulu Tiram
- Pekan Nenas
- Pasir Gudang
- Senai
- Gugusan Taib Andak
- Bandar Penawar
- Bandar Tenggara
- Benut
- Ayer Baloi
- Nusajaya

 
==Johor areas receive Singapore digital TV channels where require higher antenna==

* Batu Pahat
* Kluang
* Simpang Renggam
* Yong Peng
* Parit Sulong
* Sri Gading
* Senggarang
* Renggam
* Seri Medan
* Semerah
* Parit Raja
* Rengit
* Ayer Hitam 


Receiving Malaysia digital terrestrial TV (myFreeview/MYTV) in Singapore requires UHF outdoor antenna, tuning frequencies are:

* MUX 1: UHF 666MHz CH45
* MUX 2: UHF 650MHz CH43
* Transmitting site: Gunung Pulai/Skudai/Pelangi, Johor, Malaysia

Remark: Depends on which Singapore areas that you are in and antenna system of household unit. Some of household will not receive Malaysia TV channels from Johor in Singapore as the household installs MATV system (Master Antenna television) like hotels, and hospitals to rebroadcast TV transmission for an apartment through a cable.

Channels list: 

== TV ==
RTM TV1, RTM TV2, RTM TVOkey, Berita RTM, RTM HD Sports, TV3, NTV7, 8TV, TV9, CJ Wow Shop (Malay & Chinese), Go Shop, TV Alhijrah, Bernama News Channel.

==Radio==
RTM Radio Klasik, Nasional FM, Ai FM, Traxx FM, Minnal FM and Asyik FM
 

Tuesday, 18 February 2020

List of Thailand locations where can receive Malaysia's myFreeview MYTV digital terrestrial television with UHF antenna

On few previous blog article, I stated Malaysia locations list where can receive Thailand digital terrestrial television, now I will list down inversely.




Here are the list of Thailand areas by provinces where can receive myFreeview MYTV digital terrestrial television with UHF antenna.

1. Satun สตูล
* Amphoe Mueang Satun เมืองสตูล
* Manang มะนัง
* La-Ngu ละงู
* Khuan Kalong ควนกาหลง
* Khuan Don ควนโดน
* Tha Phae ท่าแพ  
* Part of Thung Wa ทุ่งหว้า (Thung Bulang ทุ่งบุหลัง, Khon Khlan ขอนคลาน)  

- Frequency: MUX 1 (CH45 UHF 666MHz); MUX 2 (CH43 UHF 650MHz)
- Transmission site: Gunung Raya, Langkawi, Kedah, Malaysia

2. Trang ตรัง
* Hat Samran หาดสำราญ
* Tase ตะเสะ
* Ba Wi บ้าหวี
* Suso  สุโสะ
* Liphang  สุโสะ
* Tha Kham ท่าข้าม
* Thung Yao ทุ่งยาว

- Frequency: MUX 1 (CH45 UHF 666MHz); MUX 2 (CH43 UHF 650MHz)
- Transmission site: Gunung Raya, Langkawi, Kedah, Malaysia


3. Songkhla สงขลา
* Sadao สะเดา
* Phang La พังลา
* Prik  ปริก

- Frequency: MUX 1 (CH45 UHF 666MHz); MUX 2 (CH43 UHF 650MHz)
- Transmission site: Gunung Jerai or Gunung Raya, Kedah, Malaysia

4. Narathiwat นราธิวาส
* Tak Bai ตากใบ 
* Sungai Golok สุไหงโกลก
* Sungai Padi สุไหงปาดี
* Waeng แว้ง 

- Frequency: MUX 1 (CH45 UHF 666MHz); MUX 2 (CH43 UHF 650MHz)
- Transmission site: Bukit Bakar or Telipot, Kelantan, Malaysia

For the coverage above, in order to receive myFreeview channels clearly and stability, 27e is the minimum recommended UHF outdoor antenna to be used.  

Yala province (including Betong) is not able to receive myFreeview from Malaysia from Gunung Jerai, Bukit Bakar, Gunung Raya and Telipot. If MYTV installs DTT transmitter in Bukit Palong to cover Baling and Pengkalan Hulu, so Thailand Betong of Yala province can receive MYTV from Malaysia.

MYTV myFreeview currently has 14 TV channels and 6 radio stations.

==Television==
* RTM TV1
* RTM TV2
* RTM TVOkey
* RTM Sports HD
* RTM Berita (News) 
* Go Shop
* CJ Wow Shop Malay
* CJ Wow Shop Chinese
* TV3
* NTV7
* 8TV
* TV9
* Bernama News Channel
* TV Alhijrah

==Radio==
* Radio Klasik
* Nasional FM
* Traxx FM
* Ai FM
* Minnal FM
* Asyik FM

 


  



 
 

FM 97.5MHz radio station signal is active in Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia, but no audio is carried. From Thailand or Malaysia?



Based on this video, FM 97.5MHz signal is detected in Kota Bharu,  Kelantan, Malaysia, but no audio is carried.

In addition, FM 97.5MHz is appeared its RDS information with "TEST RDS". 

Photo credit to Senn Lens Facebook

Regarding FM 97.5MHz unknown radio station detected in Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia, I strongly believe it is a Thailand radio station testing the frequency, instead of Malaysia radio station.

If I say that FM 97.5MHz is belonged to Malaysia radio station, it will cause interference to Kelantan FM 97.3MHz Bukit Bakar coverage as FM 97.3MHz covers most of Kelantan areas including Kota Bharu.

==RF analysis of FM 97.5MHz if the frequency is belonged to Malaysia==

97.3MHz: Kelantan FM Bukit Bakar
97.5MHz: Telipot
<200kHz, not ok>

97.5MHz: Telipot
97.5MHz: Sinar FM Bukit Besar
<0kHz, not ok. Minimum is 100kHz>

97.5MHz: Telipot
97.8MHz: Ai FM Bukit Bintang
<300kHz, OK> 

Above the RF analysis, FM 97.5MHz is not belonged to Malaysia, but this frequency can be belonged to Thailand radio station. In Kota Bharu, Thailand radio stations there are received from multiple transmitter site, such as:

1. Sungai Golok แม่น้ำโก-ลก
2. Narathiwat นราธิวาส
3. Tak Bai ตากใบ
4. Yala ยะลา (Khao Pokyo)
5. Sungai Padi สุไหงปาดี 

In Yala province, there is also a radio station using FM 97.5MHz, named 97.5 Modern Hit Peace FM, but this radio station is transmitted in Amphoe Mueang Yala (Tambon Sateng) where is capital of Yala province, instead of public radio stations' Khao Pokyo transmitter site. As 975 Peace FM is transmitted from Tambon Sateng, Yala province, Thailand, therefore it is impossible to be received in Kota Bharu, Malaysia.

Now we have ignored Yala as possibility of FM 97.5MHz transmitter site.

Next, we go for next RF analysis between Kelantan FM 97.3MHz Bukit Bakar and Thailand Narathiwat transmission sites.

1. Sungai Golok

97.3MHz: Kelantan FM Bukit Bakar
97.5MHz: Sungai Golok, Thailand
<200kHz>

2.  Sungai Padi

97.3MHz: Kelantan FM Bukit Bakar
97.5MHz: Sungai Padi, Thailand
<200kHz>

3. Narathiwat

97.3MHz: Kelantan FM Bukit Bakar
97.5MHz: Narathiwat, Thailand
<200kHz>

4. Tak Bai

97.3MHz: Kelantan FM Bukit Bakar
97.5MHz: Tak Bai, Thailand
<200kHz>

FM 97.5MHz has some static in Kota Bharu, Kelantan. The biggest possibility is a radio station testing transmission in Amphoe Mueang Narathiwat on FM 97.5MHz.

Tak Bai, Sungai Golok and Sungai Padi FM radio receptions in Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia are clear without static. 

If I compare with one existing radio frequency study between Bukit Bakar and Narathiwat, there has 200kHz frequency separation between both stations.

99.1MHz: Satthanii Witthayu 912 Narathiwat (สถานีวิทยุ 912)
99.3MHz: Ai FM Bukit Bakar
<200kHz>

Satthanii Witthayu 912 Narathiwat former frequency was FM 99.25MHz, but due to interference with Ai FM Bukit Bakar 99.3MHz, so it changed to FM 99.1MHz. 

In addition, Radio Thailand Narathiwat FM 98.25MHz has 250kHz frequency separation from Traxx FM 98.5MHz Bukit Bakar, and it has no problem for interference. Then,
Siang Phan Fa Narathiwat {เสียงผ่านฟ้านราธิวาส} FM 96.75MHz has 250kHz separation from Nasional FM 96.5MHz Bukit Bakar too.

About FM 97.5MHz unknown transmission in Kota Bharu, Malaysia, Narathiwat is the biggest possibility of transmission site for the frequency. For the radio station's content, we don't know yet because FM 97.5MHz does not officially hit its airwaves yet.
 

==FM 97.5MHz possibility==

Narathiwat>>Tak Bai>>Sungai Golok/Sungai Padi

Thanks to Senn Lens for uploading the video clips.
 

Sunday, 16 February 2020

Another new FM DXing record in Malaysia: A Vietnam FM radio station on FM 93.1MHz is received in Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia

As we notice that North Kelantan (Kota Bharu) can receive many Thailand radio stations from Yala (Khao Pokyo), Sungai Golok, Sungai Padi, Tak Bai and Narathiwat, meanwhile the furthest Thailand radio station that can be received in Kota Bharu is from Pattani.

Break the records.

The FM radio reception for this time is beyond Thailand radio station in Kota Bharu. Kelantan YouTuber Senn Lens receives a Vietnam FM radio station in Kota Bharu and Pasir Mas, Kelantan, Malaysia in the car, frequency is FM 93.1MHz.


Usually I only can receive Vietnam radio stations in Malaysia on AM/MW (mediumwave) or SW (shortwave) after evening. In the past, I was used to receive Voice of Vietnam AM stations in Malaysia such as VOV-1 711kHz, VOV-2 783kHz, VOV-4 873kHz and VOV-6 1242kHz from Can Tho, Vietnam.

It is very strange when Vietnam FM radio station can be received in Malaysia (Kota Bharu, Kelantan) because FM radio station propagation is limited to maximum 130 to 200km usually.

 

According to these videos, I check Vietnam radio stations database which assign on the frequency FM 93.1MHz, the nearest station is An Giang Radio and Television aka ATV FM 93.1MHz from An Giang Radio and Televison transmitter tower, Vietnam (62km from Can Tho). 

An Giang Radio and Television


An Giang is located in southern Vietnam, not far from Cambodia border and South China Sea.

Technically, there is no any terrains between An Giang, Vietnam and Kota Bharu, Malaysia, therefore An Giang Radio FM 93.1MHz from An Giang, Vietnam can be received in Kota Bharu and Pasir Pekan, Kelantan, Malaysia.




==Distance of An Giang Radio FM 93.1MHz to Malaysia==

1. Kota Bharu: 592km
2. Pasir Pekan: 592km

==SINPO code==
1. Kota Bharu: 35333
2. Pasir Pekan: 23422

RF analysis: Can FM 102.75MHz be used for community radio station in Satun, Thailand?

Few years ago, there was a now defunct Thailand radio station in Satun, Idea Radio operated on 102.5MHz (later 102.6MHz). As Thailand standard FM frequency allocation is 250kHz per channel from 87.5 to 108.0, but this was second frequency allocation which did not follow Thailand standards, after FM 99.1MHz in Narathiwat.

If I follow current Thailand FM radio frequency allocation which is 250kHz per channel, as 102.5MHz is not suitable to be used in Satun main transmitter site as interference from Raaga FM 102.4MHz Gunung Jerai Malaysia, actually FM 102.75MHz can be used in Satun province for community radio station, but low power and not to use main site like public broadcasters transmit from Khuan Khan.

As FM 102.75MHz is not far from Perlis FM 102.9MHz Padang Pauh which separated at 150kHz, so FM 102.75MHz is not suitable to be used in Amphoe Mueang Satun due to interference, but this frequency can be used in other districts within Satun province, Thailand which a bit further from Perlis, Malaysia.

FM 102.75MHz radio transmission can be used in this transmission location below, but only select either one districts:

1. La-Ngu
2. Manang
3. Khuan Kalong
4. Tha Phae

To avoid interference to Perlis FM 102.9MHz Padang Pauh coverage in Perlis, Malaysia, the maximum transmitter power is 500W for FM 102.75MHz Satun radio transmission (Transmitter site: La-Ngu, Manang, Khuan Kalong or Tha Phae). 

If FM 102.75MHz is transmitted from Thung Wa, it is not suitable because it can interfere 4th Army Radio FM 103.0MHz Trang in Palian district which is high power transmission. In addition, FM 102.75MHz may be interfered by FM 103.0MHz Trang in some Thung Wa district. 

102.75MHz: Thung Wa FM 
103.0MHz: 4th Area Army Radio TP4FM Trang
<250kHz>

==RF analysis of FM 102.75MHz in Satun province==

1. Amphoe Mueang Satun (including Khuan Khan)

102.75MHz: Amphoe Mueang Satun FM
102.9MHz: Perlis FM Padang Pauh
<150kHz, NOT OK>

2. Manang/La-Ngu/Khuan Kalong/Tha Phae

102.75MHz: Thailand FM (Transmission site either Manang/La-Ngu/Khuan Kalong/Tha Phae)
102.9MHz: Perlis FM Padang Pauh
<150kHz, OK>

102.75MHz: Thailand FM (Transmission site either Manang, La-Ngu, Khuan Kalong, or Tha Phae)
103.0MHz: TP4FM Trang
<250kHz, OK>

==FM 102.75MHz frequency suitability in Satun province==

Manang>La-Ngu>Thung Wa>Khuan Kalong>Tha Phae